SPECIES Solution O3, O, O1D -> O, O2, O2_1S -> O2, O2_1D -> O2 N2O, N, NO, NO2, NO3, HNO3, HO2NO2, N2O5 CH4, CH3O2, CH3OOH, CH2O, CO H2, H, OH, HO2, H2O2 CL -> Cl, CL2 -> Cl2, CLO -> ClO, OCLO -> OClO, CL2O2 -> Cl2O2 HCL -> HCl, HOCL -> HOCl, CLONO2 -> ClONO2, BRCL -> BrCl BR -> Br, BRO -> BrO, HBR -> HBr, HOBR -> HOBr, BRONO2 -> BrONO2 CH3CL -> CH3Cl, CH3BR -> CH3Br, CFC11 -> CFCl3, CFC12 -> CF2Cl2 CFC113 -> CCl2FCClF2, HCFC22 -> CHF2Cl, CCL4 -> CCl4, CH3CCL3 -> CH3CCl3 CF3BR -> CF3Br, CF2CLBR -> CF2ClBr, CO2, N2p -> N2, O2p -> O2 Np -> N, Op -> O, NOp -> NO, e, N2D -> N, H2O End Solution Fixed M, N2 End Fixed Col-int O3 = 0. O2 = 0. End Col-int END Species Solution classes Explicit CH4, N2O, CO, H2, CH3CL, CH3BR, CFC11, CFC12, CFC113 HCFC22, CCL4, CH3CCL3, CF3BR, CF2CLBR, CO2 End explicit Implicit O3, O, O1D, O2, O2_1S, O2_1D N, NO, NO2, OH, NO3, HNO3, HO2NO2, N2O5 CH3O2, CH3OOH, CH2O, H, HO2, H2O2, H2O CL, CL2, CLO, OCLO, CL2O2, HCL, HOCL, CLONO2, BRCL BR, BRO, HBR, HOBR, BRONO2, N2p, O2p, Np, Op, NOp, N2D, e End implicit End Solution classes CHEMISTRY Photolysis [jo2_a] O2 + hv -> O + O1D [jo2_b] O2 + hv -> 2*O [jo3_a] O3 + hv -> O1D + O2_1D [jo3_b] O3 + hv -> O + O2 [jn2o] N2O + hv -> O1D + N2 [jno] NO + hv -> N + O [jno_i] NO + hv -> NOp + e [jno2] NO2 + hv -> NO + O [jn2o5_a] N2O5 + hv -> NO2 + NO3 [jn2o5_b] N2O5 + hv -> NO + O + NO3 [jhno3] HNO3 + hv -> NO2 + OH [jno3_a] NO3 + hv -> NO2 + O [jno3_b] NO3 + hv -> NO + O2 [jho2no2_a] HO2NO2 + hv -> OH + NO3 [jho2no2_b] HO2NO2 + hv -> NO2 + HO2 [jch3ooh] CH3OOH + hv -> CH2O + H + OH [jch2o_a] CH2O + hv -> CO + 2*H [jch2o_b] CH2O + hv -> CO + H2 [jh2o_a] H2O + hv -> OH + H [jh2o_b] H2O + hv -> H2 + O1D [jh2o_c] H2O + hv -> 2*H + O [jh2o2] H2O2 + hv -> 2*OH [jcl2] CL2 + hv -> 2*CL [joclo] OCLO + hv -> O + CLO [jcl2o2] CL2O2 + hv -> 2*CL [jhocl] HOCL + hv -> OH + CL [jhcl] HCL + hv -> H + CL [jclono2_a] CLONO2 + hv -> CL + NO3 [jclono2_b] CLONO2 + hv -> CLO + NO2 [jbrcl] BRCL + hv -> BR + CL [jbro] BRO + hv -> BR + O [jhobr] HOBR + hv -> BR + OH [jbrono2_a] BRONO2 + hv -> BR + NO3 [jbrono2_b] BRONO2 + hv -> BRO + NO2 [jch3cl] CH3CL + hv -> CL + CH3O2 [jccl4] CCL4 + hv -> 4*CL [jch3ccl3] CH3CCL3 + hv -> 3*CL [jcfcl3] CFC11 + hv -> 3*CL [jcf2cl2] CFC12 + hv -> 2*CL [jcfc113] CFC113 + hv -> 3*CL [jhcfc22] HCFC22 + hv -> CL [jch3br] CH3BR + hv -> BR + CH3O2 [jcf3br] CF3BR + hv -> BR [jcf2clbr] CF2CLBR + hv -> BR + CL [jco2] CO2 + hv -> CO + O [jch4_a] CH4 + hv -> H + CH3O2 [jch4_b] CH4 + hv -> 1.44*H2 + .18*CH2O + .18*O + .66*OH + .44*CO2 + .38*CO + .05*H2O *------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * photo-ionization *------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [jeuv_1] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_2] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_3] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_4] N + hv -> Np + e [jeuv_5] O2 + hv -> O2p + e [jeuv_6] N2 + hv -> N2p + e [jeuv_7] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_8] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_9] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_10] N2 + hv -> N + Np + e [jeuv_11] N2 + hv -> N2D + Np + e [jeuv_12] O2 + hv -> 2*O [jeuv_13] N2 + hv -> 1.2*N2D + .8*N [jeuv_14] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_15] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_16] O + hv -> Op + e [jeuv_17] O2 + hv -> O2p + e [jeuv_18] N2 + hv -> N2p + e [jeuv_19] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_20] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_21] O2 + hv -> O + Op + e [jeuv_22] N2 + hv -> N + Np + e [jeuv_23] N2 + hv -> N2D + Np + e [jeuv_24] O2 + hv -> 2*O [jeuv_25] N2 + hv -> 1.2*N2D + .8*N End Photolysis Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Odd-Oxygen Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [usr1] O + O2 + M -> O3 + M [cph1,cph] O + O3 -> 2*O2 ; 8e-12, -2060 [usr2] O + O + M -> O2 + M [cph17,cph] O1D + N2 -> O + N2 ; 1.8e-11, 110 [cph16,cph] O1D + O2 -> O + O2_1S ; 3.04e-11, 70 [cph29,cph] O1D + O2 -> O + O2 ; 1.60e-12, 70 O1D + H2O -> 2*OH ; 2.2e-10 O1D + N2O -> 2*NO ; 6.7e-11 O1D + N2O -> N2 + O2 ; 4.9e-11 O1D + O3 -> O2 + O2 ; 1.20e-10 O1D + CFC11 -> 3*CL ; 1.70e-10 O1D + CFC12 -> 2*CL ; 1.20e-10 O1D + CFC113 -> 3*CL ; 1.50e-10 O1D + HCFC22 -> CL ; 7.20e-11 O1D + CH4 -> CH3O2 + OH ; 1.125e-10 O1D + CH4 -> CH2O + H + HO2 ; 3.0e-11 O1D + CH4 -> CH2O + H2 ; 7.5e-12 O1D + H2 -> H + OH ; 1.1e-10 O1D + HCL -> CL + OH ; 1.5e-10 [cph18,cph] O2_1S + O -> O2_1D + O ; 8.e-14 [cph19,cph] O2_1S + O2 -> O2_1D + O2 ; 3.9e-17 [cph20,cph] O2_1S + N2 -> O2_1D + N2 ; 2.1e-15 [cph21,cph] O2_1S + O3 -> O2_1D + O3 ; 2.2e-11 *new reaction O2_1S + CO2 -> O2_1D + CO2 ; 4.2e-13 [ag2,cph] O2_1S -> O2 ; 8.5e-2 [cph22,cph] O2_1D + O -> O2 + O ; 1.3e-16 [cph23,cph] O2_1D + O2 -> 2 * O2 ; 3.6e-18,-220 [cph24,cph] O2_1D + N2 -> O2 + N2 ; 1.e-20 [ag1,cph] O2_1D -> O2 ; 2.58e-4 * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Odd Nitrogen Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [cph25,cph] N2D + O2 -> NO + O1D ; 5.e-12 *[cph26,cph] N2D + O -> N + O ; 4.5e-13 [cph26,cph] N2D + O -> N + O ; 7.e-13 [cph27,cph] N + O2 -> NO + O ; 1.5e-11, -3600 [cph28,cph] N + NO -> N2 + O ; 2.1e-11, 100 NO + O + M -> NO2 + M ; 9.0e-32, 1.5, 3.0e-11, 0., 0.6 [cph8,cph] NO + HO2 -> NO2 + OH ; 3.5e-12, 250 [cph12,cph] NO + O3 -> NO2 + O2 ; 3e-12, -1500 [cph13,cph] NO2 + O -> NO + O2 ; 5.6e-12, 180 NO2 + O + M -> NO3 + M ; 2.5e-31, 1.8, 2.2e-11, .7, 0.6 NO2 + O3 -> NO3 + O2 ; 1.2e-13, -2450 [usr3] NO2 + NO3 + M -> N2O5 + M ; 2.e-30,4.4, 1.4e-12,.7, .6 [usr3a] N2O5 + M -> NO2 + NO3 + M NO2 + OH + M -> HNO3 + M ; 2.0e-30,3.0, 2.5e-11,0., .6 [usr4] HNO3 + OH -> NO3 + H2O NO3 + NO -> 2*NO2 ; 1.5e-11, 170 NO3 + O -> NO2 + O2 ; 1.e-11 NO3 + OH -> HO2 + NO2 ; 2.2e-11 NO3 + HO2 -> OH + NO2 + O2 ; 3.5e-12 [usr5] NO2 + HO2 + M -> HO2NO2 + M ; 1.8e-31,3.2, 4.7e-12,1.4, .6 HO2NO2 + OH -> H2O + NO2 + O2 ; 1.3e-12, 380 [usr5a] HO2NO2 + M -> HO2 + NO2 + M * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Methane, CO, CH2O and derivatives * -------------------------------------------------------------- CH4 + OH -> CH3O2 + H2O ; 2.45e-12, -1775 CH3O2 + NO -> CH2O + NO2 + HO2 ; 2.8e-12, 300 CH3O2 + HO2 -> CH3OOH + O2 ; 4.1e-13, 750 CH3OOH + OH -> CH3O2 + H2O ; 3.8e-12, 200 CH2O + NO3 -> CO + HO2 + HNO3 ; 6.0e-13, -2058 CH2O + OH -> CO + H2O + H ; 9.e-12 CH2O + O -> HO2 + OH + CO ; 3.40e-11, -1600.0 [usr6] CO + OH -> CO2 + H * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Odd Hydrogen Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [cph5,cph] H + O2 + M -> HO2 + M ; 5.7e-32,1.6, 7.5e-11,0., .6 [cph7,cph] H + O3 -> OH + O2 ; 1.40e-10, -470.0 H + HO2 -> 2*OH ; 7.21e-11 [cph15,cph] H + HO2 -> H2 + O2 ; 7.29e-12 H + HO2 -> H2O + O ; 1.62e-12 [cph3,cph] OH + O -> H + O2 ; 2.2e-11, 120 [cph11,cph] OH + O3 -> HO2 + O2 ; 1.7e-12, -940 [cph14,cph] OH + HO2 -> H2O + O2 ; 4.8e-11, 250 OH + OH -> H2O + O ; 4.2e-12, -240 OH + OH + M -> H2O2 + M ; 6.9e-31,1.0, 2.6e-11, 0., .6 OH + H2 -> H2O + H ; 5.5e-12, -2000 OH + H2O2 -> H2O + HO2 ; 2.9e-12, -160 [cph4,cph] HO2 + O -> OH + O2 ; 3e-11, 200 [cph9,cph] HO2 + O3 -> OH + 2*O2 ; 1.e-14, -490 [usr7] HO2 + HO2 -> H2O2 + O2 H2O2 + O -> OH + HO2 ; 1.4e-12, -2000 * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Odd Chlorine Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- CL + O3 -> CLO + O2 ; 2.30e-11, -200 CL + H2 -> HCL + H ; 3.70e-11, -2300.0 CL + H2O2 -> HCL + HO2 ; 1.10e-11, -980.0 CL + HO2 -> HCL + O2 ; 1.80e-11, +170.0 CL + HO2 -> OH + CLO ; 4.10e-11, -450.0 CL + CH2O -> HCL + HO2 + CO ; 8.10e-11, -30.0 CL + CH4 -> CH3O2 + HCL ; 9.60e-12, -1360 CLO + O -> CL + O2 ; 3.00e-11, +70.0 CLO + OH -> CL + HO2 ; 7.4e-12, 270 CLO + OH -> HCL + O2 ; 6.0e-13, 230 CLO + HO2 -> O2 + HOCL ; 2.70e-12, 220 CLO + NO -> NO2 + CL ; 6.40e-12, +290.0 CLO + NO2 + M -> CLONO2 + M ; 1.8e-31,3.4, 1.5e-11,1.9, .6 CLO + CLO -> 2*CL + O2 ; 3.00e-11, -2450.0 CLO + CLO -> CL2 + O2 ; 1.00e-12, -1590.0 CLO + CLO -> CL + OCLO ; 3.50e-13, -1370.0 [usr8] CLO + CLO + M -> CL2O2 + M ; 1.6e-32,4.5, 2.0e-12,2.4, .6 [usr8a] CL2O2 + M -> CLO + CLO + M HCL + OH -> H2O + CL ; 2.60e-12, -350 HCL + O -> CL + OH ; 1.00e-11, -3300 HOCL + O -> CLO + OH ; 1.70e-13 HOCL + CL -> HCL + CLO ; 2.50e-12, -130 HOCL + OH -> H2O + CLO ; 3.00e-12, -500 CLONO2 + O -> CLO + NO3 ; 2.90e-12, -800 CLONO2 + OH -> HOCL + NO3 ; 1.20e-12, -330 CLONO2 + CL -> CL2 + NO3 ; 6.50e-12, 135. * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Odd Bromine Reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- BR + O3 -> BRO + O2 ; 1.70e-11, -800. BR + HO2 -> HBR + O2 ; 1.50e-11, -600. BR + CH2O -> HBR + HO2 + CO ; 1.70e-11, -800. BRO + O -> BR + O2 ; 1.90e-11, 230. BRO + OH -> BR + HO2 ; 7.5e-11 BRO + HO2 -> HOBR + O2 ; 3.40e-12, 540. BRO + NO -> BR + NO2 ; 8.80e-12, 260. BRO + NO2 + M -> BRONO2 + M ; 5.2e-31,3.2, 6.9e-12,2.9, .6 BRO + CLO -> BR + OCLO ; 9.50e-13, 550. BRO + CLO -> BR + CL + O2 ; 2.30e-12, 260. BRO + CLO -> BRCL + O2 ; 4.10e-13, 290. BRO + BRO -> 2*BR + O2 ; 1.5e-12, 230. HBR + OH -> BR + H2O ; 1.10e-11 * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Halogens Reactions with Cl, OH * -------------------------------------------------------------- CH3CL + CL -> HO2 + CO + 2*HCL ; 3.20e-11, -1250 CH3CL + OH -> CL + H2O + HO2 ; 2.40e-12, -1250 CH3CCL3 + OH -> H2O + 3*CL ; 1.60e-12, -1520 HCFC22 + OH -> CL + H2O + CF2O ; 4.00e-12, -1400 CH3BR + OH -> BR + H2O + HO2 ; 2.35e-12, -1300 * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Sulfate aerosol reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [het1] N2O5 -> 2*HNO3 [het2] CLONO2 -> HOCL + HNO3 [het3] BRONO2 -> HOBR + HNO3 [het4] CLONO2 + HCL -> CL2 + HNO3 [het5] HOCL + HCL -> CL2 + H2O [het6] HOBR + HCL -> BRCL + H2O * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Nitric acid Di-hydrate reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [het7] N2O5 -> 2*HNO3 [het8] CLONO2 -> HOCL + HNO3 [het9] CLONO2 + HCL -> CL2 + HNO3 [het10] HOCL + HCL -> CL2 + H2O [het11] BRONO2 -> HOBR + HNO3 * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Ice aerosol reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [het12] N2O5 -> 2*HNO3 [het13] CLONO2 -> HOCL + HNO3 [het14] BRONO2 -> HOBR + HNO3 [het15] CLONO2 + HCL -> CL2 + HNO3 [het16] HOCL + HCL -> CL2 + H2O [het17] HOBR + HCL -> BRCL + H2O * -------------------------------------------------------------- * Ion reactions * -------------------------------------------------------------- [ion1] Op + O2 -> O2p + O [ion2] Op + N2 -> NOp + N [ion3] N2p + O -> NOp + N2D [ion4,cph] O2p + N -> NOp + O ; 1.e-10 [ion5,cph] O2p + NO -> NOp + O2 ; 4.4e-10 [ion6,cph] Np + O2 -> O2p + N ; 4.e-10 [ion7,cph] Np + O2 -> NOp + O ; 2.e-10 [ion8,cph] Np + O -> Op + N ; 1.e-12 [ion9,cph] N2p + O2 -> O2p + N2 ; 6.e-11 O2p + N2 -> NOp + NO ; 5.e-16 [ion11] N2p + O -> Op + N2 [elec1] NOp + e -> .2*N + .8*N2D + O [elec2] O2p + e -> 1.15*O + .85*O1D [elec3] N2p + e -> 1.1*N + .9*N2D End Reactions Heterogeneous H2O2, HNO3, CH2O, CH3OOH, HO2NO2, CLONO2, BRONO2, HCL, N2O5, HOCL, HOBR, HBR End Heterogeneous Ext Forcing NO, CO, Op, O2p, Np, N2p, N2D, N, e, OH End Ext Forcing END Chemistry SIMULATION PARAMETERS Spatial Dimensions Longitude points = 128 Latitude points = 64 Vertical points = 66 End Spatial Dimensions Numerical Control Implicit Iterations = 11 End Numerical Control Surface Flux NO, CH2O, CO End Surface Flux Surface Deposition O3, NO2, HNO3, CH3OOH, CH2O, CO, H2O2, NO, HO2NO2 End Surface Deposition Version Options machine = ibm model = cam model_architecture = SCALAR architecture = hybrid * vec_ftns = on namemod = on End Version Options Outputs File Transported Species = avrg All End Transported Species Surface Flux = avrg NO, H2, CH2O, CO End Surface Flux Deposition velocity = avrg O3, NO2, HNO3, CH3OOH, CH2O, CO, H2O2, H2 End Deposition velocity External Forcing = avrg NO, CO End External Forcing End File End Outputs End Simulation Parameters