--- # Storm surges - date: 838-12-26 location: whole of Frisia wind: ingens venti turbo learned: description of dune accretion after storm casualties: 2437 references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water9.pdf, /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water2.pdf - date: 1014-9-28 casualties: thousands references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water5.pdf - date: 1042-11-4 damage: lots of craddle location: Vlaanderen references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water04.pdf - date 1108-1-1 location: Vlaanderen measures: Some people evacuated to England - date: 1134-10-4 geological: Building of sea arms in South West Netherlands. measures: On "Zuid Beverland" people started to build dikes. damage: Kastelen, nederzettingen casualties: mens en vee verwoest in Walcheren, Land van Waas, Beveland causes: afgraven van zouthoudend veen notes: described as a "grote beving in zee" learned: The defensive dikes showed their purpose by limiting the effects of the flood. references: buisman1995 location: South West Netherlands. Walcheren, Land van Waas, Beveland. urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water1.pdf - date:1143-1-19 notes: disputed by Gottschalk references: buisman1995, Gottschalk1971 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water8.pdf - date: 1163-12-21 damage: Villages near the sea were completely destroyed. geological: Zuiderzee got merged into the North Sea. measures: Holland build blocked access from Utrecht to stop the Utrecht water. causes: Ontginning van het veen zorgde door aanzienlijke daling van het maaiveld. location: Holland, Utrecht references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water03.pdf - date: 1164-2-16 name: Sint-Julianavloed damage: Uncountable cradle lost casualties: Thousands, Only few survivars in the north east of Friesland (Oldenburg), notes: often confused with the 1163-12-21 storm location: Friesland, Oldenburg, Groningen references: buisman1995 - date: 1170-11-1 name: Allerheiligenvloed geological: Almere changed into the Zuiderzee. location: North West Netherlands, Utrecht, Friesland, Kennemerland, Zijpe, Rekere waterlevel: Up to the city port of Utrecht damage: lastdieren lost, big parts of Friesland lost. Creiler woud lost. measures: Lots of dikes build in West Friesland in one coordinated effort. Dams are build in Zeevang and Waterland. In Kennemerland seperate villages build seperate dikes. notes: Fish could be caught in the city walls of Utrecht (wijting). Zuiderzee stayed sweet until the 16th century and freezes in the winters. references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water6.pdf - date: 1173-1-1 casualties: 5000 notes: occurence of this storm is disputed references: buisman1995, gottschalk1971 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water05.pdf - date: 1196-12-6 name: st Nicolaasvloed location: Groningen, Friese Middelzee, Kennemerland, Alkmaar, Zuiderzee geological: tidal effects started reach the Zuiderzee meausures: Build of the schoorldam. Many dikes where build. references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water7.pdf - date: 1219-1-16 name: Marcellusvloed wind: southwest followed by a hailstorm, followed by a nightly northwestern storm, followed by a western storm in the morning and again by a northwestern damage: churches were lost, cradle was lost, dike breaches by the 2nd storm casualties: thousands location: Noord Nederland, Wittewierum references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water3.pdf, /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water01.pdf - date: 1220-1-4 location: Groningen casualties: limited note: Not a lot of people had dared to live directly near the sea again. references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water3.pdf, /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water01.pdf - date: 1221-2-24 location: Wittewierum wind: northwest, west waterlevel: huge tide difference, up to the abdij in Leuven damage: verzilting references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water3.pdf - date: 1221-9-18 location: Groningen damage: verzilte bodem references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water3.pdf - date: 1228-1-1 casualties: 100000 references: DWW2004 - date: 1246-10-18 name: Lucasvloed location: Groningen damage: many ships lost, seawater on the "akkers" casualties: mainly drowned from ships references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water00.pdf - date: 1248-11-20 wind: southwest followed by west, followed by northwest, followed by north northwest damage: crop damage (gerst, wintertarwe) location: Delfzijl references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water4.pdf - date: 1248-12-28 wind: west, followed by north northwest damage: dikes breached and land covered with seawater notes: mention of the named winds Zephyr(west), Boreas(north), Circius(North north west) references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water4.pdf - date: 1249-2-4 wind: west, followed by north northwest notes: 3 days in a row, seafish (bullik and rivisk) could be caught in Delft casualties: not as many as in 1219 location: Holland, Friesland measures: Spaarne is seperated from the IJ by 9 uitwaterringssluizen. Building of the dams near Edam and Monnickendam. damage: lastdieren, vee drowned references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water4.pdf - date: 1257-10-7 cause: Engineering error in the build of the Fiveldijk. It was build strong but too low. waterlevel: Enorm hoog references: buisman1995 - date: 1262-1-28 location: Delfzijl, Groningen wind: west followed by nort north west damage: dikes breached, houses lost, clock tower of Wierum blown of it's place. Crop damage was limited because ground was already soaked with sweet water. note: also mention of an earthquake measures: Dam rebuild references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water09.pdf - date: 1268-1-7 wind: south, followed by southwest, followed by north northwest location: Friesland references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water08.pdf - date: 1287-12-17 name: st. Luciavloed? location: Wolden, Stavoren, Lauwers damages: verzilting geology: landloss at the Eems casualties: 50000 references: DWW2004, buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water02.pdf - date: 1288-2-5 location: Zeeland, Holland, references: DWW2004, buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water02.pdf - date: 1288-10-26 location: Groningen, Oterdum, Usquert, Marne, Zuurdijk, Garmenuolde, Oostwold references: buisman1995 urls: /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water02.pdf, /Users/fedorbaart/Documents/checkouts/baart_f/checkouts/library/documents/buisman/duizend jaar weer, wind en water11.pdf - date: 1307-2-2 location: Noordzeegebied damage: Diemerdijk breached references: buisman1995 - date: 1318-3-1 location: Walcheren, Zuid Beverland, Schouwen notes: Dike repairs in 1318 in West Friesland, st Odulphusabdij at Stavoren repaired. Precise date unknown references: buisman1995 - date: 1321-9-11 casualties: 70 damage: uncountable cradle notes: unclear how long the floods lasted. references: buisman1995 - date: 1328-10-1 location: West-Friesland note: date unclear references: buisman1995 - date: 1330-12-24 location: Wulpen, Walcheren, Wolfaartsdijk, Zuid Beveland, Grote Waard, Zwijdrechtse Waard, Alblasserwaard damage: breaches wind: storm was 12-23 in Ireland references: buisman1995 - date: 1334-11-23 name: st Clemensvloed location: Zeeland, Holland, Walcheren, Noord Beveland, Zuid Beveland, Medemblik, West-Friesland damage: cities destroyed, castle destroyed casualties: 5000 measures: church of Testerep moved inland note: almost lost island Wulpen and heavy damage to Testerep references: buisman1995 - date: 1334-11-29 location: Zeeland, Holland note: worsened the damage of the Clemensvloed references: buisman1995 - date: 1404-1-1 name: 1st st. Elisabethsvloed location: Vlaanderen en Zeeland references: DWW2004 - date: 1421-1-1 name: st. Elisabethsvloed location: Zuidwest Nederland casualties: 10000 references: DWW2004 - date: 1530-1-1 name: st. Felixvloed location: Zeeland casualties: over 100000 references: DWW2004 - date: 1570-1-1 name: Allerheiligenvloed location: hele kust NL, Zeeuwse eilanden, Friesland casualties: 20000 references: DWW2004 - date: 1686-1-1 name: st. Maartensvloed location: Noord Nederland casualties: 1558 references: DWW2004 - date: 1717-1-1 location: Westelijke kust casualties: 11000 references: DWW2004 - date: 1914-12-28 windforce: 11B windpeak: 151km/h location: Vlissingen/Hoek van Holland references: none - date: 1916-1-1 location: Zuiderzee references: DWW2004 - date: 1953-1-31 location: Zeeland references: Gerritsen2005 casualties: 1836 - name: Kyrill date: 2007-11-18 casualties: 7