RTC module configuration file. OBSOLETE. Still here for backwards compatibility. Remove after next release. The components section includes all simulation components. The rules section includes operating rules or controllers for defining the release of reservoir, structural settings of gates etc. Triggers may activate or deactivate rules defined in the section above. DEPRICATED DEPRICATED DEPRICATED DEPRICATED Accumulation of a time series over time Arma error correction model Mathematical expression Post processing for computing gradients of simulated values This is an implementation of the HBV-96 hydrological model. Note that the unit hydrograph is not included, but available separately. Simplifications of the full dynamic, one-dimensional hydraulic model according to the kinematic wave, diffusive wave and inertial assumptions. Modular, conceptual hydrological model with implicit time stepping scheme. Reservoir with arbitrary number of inlets and outlets. Test implementation of a compact reservoir class for simultaneous and sequential optimization mode Lorent/Gevers hydrological model not implemented yet Unit delay operator for delaying a value by n times the time step of the model. Unit hydrograph sub-models for the modular setup of the hydrological model, the storage system contains a set of storage nodes and links and is solved with an implicit time stepping scheme separates precipitation into snow and rainfall potential evaporation storage systems with storage nodes and links for setting up bucket models total discharge [m3/s] area [km2] discharges from different storage nodes [m3/s] evaporation correction factor, default = 1.0 temperature correction factor monthly mean value of potential evaporation [mm/timestep] monthly mean temperature [oC] instantaneous temperature [oC] instantaneous potential evaporation [mm/timestep] smoothing parameter for switching between a linear ramp (D=0.0) and a sigmoid function (D=1.0) rainfall correction factor [-], default is 1.0 snowfall correction factor [-], default is 1.0 temperature limit for snow and rainfall [oC] temperature interval with a mixture of snow and rainfall [K] precipitation [mm/timestep] temperature [oC] rainfall [mm/timestep] snowfall [mm/timestep] storage node iteration stops after reaching this threshold optional threshold after reaching the maximum number of iterations, writes a warning if reached, writes error otherwise treat non-convergence related to the thresholds as error or not number of evaluations of the Jacobian number of function evaluations residuum at last iteration step constant area [km2], default is 1.0 unit volume [mm] residuum [mm] inflow as discharge [m3/s] inflow as unit Volume [mm/timestep] unit volume [mm], replaces the computes state capillary flow, typically from GW (saturated upper zone - ground water) to UZ (unsaturated zone) actual evaporation from unsaturated zone storage node evaporation from interception storage node, typically VEG/P/UP (vegeration/paved interception) GW Groundwater interaction with SW Surface water percolation, typically from GW upper zone to GW lower zone), or from UP unpaved surface to UZ unsaturated zone release above threshold from interception storage node, typically VEG/P/UP (uses relese above threshold link) response from storage node, typically GW upper and GW lower zone storage nodes sewer overflow (uses relese above threshold link) soil runoff from UZ unsaturated zone to GW upper zone storage node water treated via the WWTP, flows at a max rate of a constant max pump capacity. Uses water distribution constant link water abstraction/distribution/consumption referenced to a constant demand (e.i. maxpump capacity). Uses water distribution constant link water abstraction/distribution/consumption referenced to a variable demand (e.i. domestic or industrial water demands). Uses water distribution variable link) NOT REFACTORED. melting and refreezing, typically used between SP (snow pack) and WC (water content) nodes NOT REFACTORED. release from water content storage node (typically WC) NOT REFACTORED. water consumption by domestic irrigation due to dry soil Discharge as unit volume [mm/timestep] Discharge [m3/s] upstream node, typically SP (snow pack) downstream node, typically WC (water content) instanteneous temperature [oC] area [km2] degree day factor [mm/day] refreezing factor [-] smoothing factor, default = 0.05, more smoothing for higher value and vice versa temperature limit for melting [oC] upstream node, typically WC (water content) auxiliary node with snow pack, typically SP (snow pack) area [km2] water holding capacity [-] smoothing coefficient upstream node, typically IC (interception) potential evaporation [mm] area [km2] area [km2], default = 1.0 percentage of the flow which flows towards the bucket of interest. The permitted range is between 0 and 100 upper limit of (interception) storage node [mm] smoothing factor upstream node downstream node upstream node, source of water usually the drinking water treatment plant downstream node which recieves the irrigation water area [km2], default = 1.0 costant irrigation flux [mm/d] Threshold of the downstream node under which irrigation is needed [mm] smoothing factor area [km2], default = 1.0 capacity of demand/abstraction [m3/s] minimum abstraction level upstream [mm]. Default 0, till empty. smoothing factor upstream node, source of water abstraction/distribution (i.e. surface water/groundwater/sewerage) downstream node collector of abstracted water. For instance drinking water treatment plant area [km2], default = 1.0 minimum abstraction level upstream [mm]. Default 0, till empty. smoothing factor upstream node, source of water abstraction/distribution (i.e. surface water/groundwater/sewerage) downstream node collector of abstracted water. For instance drinking water treatment plant series of industrial or domestic water demands/abstractions [m3/s] upstream node, can be GW groundwater or SW surface water downstream node, can be GW groundwater or SW surface water Ground water reaction coefficient area [km2] Ground water Conductivity [1/d] Maximum groundwater flow [mm/d] upstream node, typically SM (soil moisture) area [1000 m2], default = 1.0 distance measure for smoothing the transitions [-] field capacity [mm] limit for potential evaporation [-] upstream node, typically unsaturated zone (SM soil moisture) optional downstream node, typically uper saturated zones (UZ upper zone storage). Required if capillary flow is used and SM and UZ are present in one storage system infiltation into the unsaturated zone (fluzex into SM [m3/s]) area [km2] parameter in soil routine [-] field capacity [mm] upstream node, typically GW upper zone downstream node, typically UZ unsaturted zone area [km2] maximum value of capillary flow [mm/d] field capacity [mm] area [km2] recession coefficient [1/d] response box parameter [-], default = 0.0 upstream (release) node, typically UZ and/or LZ (upper/lower zone storages) area [km2] percolation [mm/d] upstream node, typically UZ (upper zone storage) downstream node, typically LZ (lower zone storage) autoregression coefficient related to prior time step observed data simulated data output-corrected data optional multiplier input variable optional multiplier input variable gradient, dx = multiplier*(xNew-xOld)/dt correction factor for EP correction factor for rainfall correction factor for snow temperature limit for snow / rain [oC], normally close to 0 temperature interval with a mixture of snow / rain [oC] degree day factor [mm/(oC*day)], varies normally between 1.5 and 4, 2 and 3.5 can be used in forested and open landscape respectively refreezing factor [-], about 0.05 water holding capacity [-], usually 0.1 temperature limit for melting [oC] maximum interception storage parameter in soil routine [-], usually between 1 and 6 maximum value of CF temperature correction factor field capacity [mm], between 50 and 500 limit for potential evapotranspiration [-], in the range between 0.3 and 1 response box parameter [-], usually between 1.0 and 2.0 catchment area [km2] recession coefficient recession coefficient [1/day] percolation from upper to lower response box [mm/day], usually between 0 and 6 increment on lower zone storage [mm] STILL NOT IMPLEMENTED STILL NOT IMPLEMENTED STILL NOT IMPLEMENTED STILL NOT IMPLEMENTED precipitation threshold [mm] Time lag of input data [h] recession coefficient 1 recession coefficient 2 degree day factor [mm/(oC*day)] area [km2] critical temperature (???) [oC] critical temperature (???) [oC] precipitation [mm] temperature [oC] rain contributing area [0,1] temperature [oC] runoff coefficient for rainfall [-] runoff coefficient for snow melt [-] snow storage of non-snow-covered areas [mm] discharge [m3/s] nStep optionally provides a delay with an arbitrary numer of time steps or sub time step, i.e. 1.5 time steps, if being used also specify the yFinal tag in the output options The configuration of a multiple unit delay requires the configuration of a time series for each delay time step optional result of the delay operator, identical to yVector[end] if the delay is a multiple of the time step, required in case of sub time steps optional mean of input and outputs optional sum of input and outputs weights with triangular shape user-defined weights number of time steps sum of all weight, if not equal to 1.0 user defined weights definition of individual time series for vector with delays, configure one element less than weights defined above definition of delay vector, configure one element less than weights defined above result of unit hydrograph "SI" or "Imperial" units the level-storage relation is expected to be: a) strictly monotone, b) has a monotone 1st-order derivative (=area) level-storage relation of the reservoir, level in [m] or [ft], storage in [m3] or [KCFS-hrs] externalizes the level storage table to a parameter file, requires the two columns "level" and "storage" level storage equation according to S = A0 + A1*FB ( + A2*FB^2 + ...) tailwater as a function of the reservoir release only tailwater equation according to TW = A + B*FB_downstream(t-1) + C*Q(t)^D, D is equal 1.0 by default if not provided tidal influenced tailwater equation (works only in hindcast mode, use tailwater external with appropiate forecast of the tailwater in operational forecasting), TW = TWObs + A*(Q-QObs) external tailwater table external tailwater elevation from an external source or a previous calculation OUTSIDE of the reservoirCompact components constant value for tailwater elevation old formulation, will be removed in the future new formulation, turbine effiency depends on head and turbine release, computation by 2D lookup input time series output time series time series reference to forebay elevation of the downstream project, only required if B is non-zero column Ids refering to the head [m] of each column rows with turbine efficiency (related to the head coloumn) for a given flow maximum flow for a given head (provided above) forebay elevation [m above reference level] or [ft above sea level] single or multiple inflow time series into the reservoir [m3/s] or [KCFS], data is expected to be complete and valid if provided reservoir outflow [m3/s] or [KCFS], data is expected to be complete and valid relative spill target (gets overruled by absolute spill target if available) relative spill target as a percentage [0..100] of the total flow Q relative spill target as a percentage [0..100] of the total flow Q absolute spill target absolute spill target [m3/s] or [KCFS] absolute spill target [m3/s] or [KCFS] optional miscellaneous flow (uncontrolled), will be zero by default [m3/s] or [KCFS] if no time series is supplied or if the time series includes NaN values minimum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [MW], primarly used as operational constraint fixed minimum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [MW], primarily used as physical constraint maximum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [MW], primarly used as operational constraint fixed maximum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [MW], primarly used as physical constraint maximum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [m3/s] or [KCFS], primarily used as operational constraint fixed maximum generation constraint on aggregated turbine level [m3/s] or [KCFS], primarily used as physical constraint optional time series with the unit outage factor [0-1], it reduces the (physical) constraints PXValue and QTXValue (NO impact on PX, QTX) storage [m3] or [KCFS-hrs], this is the system state needed in the state file forebay elevation [m above reference level] or [ft above sea level] reservoir outflow [m3/s] or [KCFS] reservoir inflow [m3/s] or [KCFS] turbine flow [m3/s] or [KCFS] maximum turbine flow [m3/s] or [KCFS] spillage [m3/s] or [KCFS] relative spillage [0..100] miscellaneous flow [m3/s] or [KCFS] deviation from spill target [m3/s] or [KCFS] tailwater elevation [m above reference level] or [ft above sea level] head [m] or [ft] power generation [MW] maximum power generation [MW] residuum of mass balance (in simultaneous mode) [m3/s] or [KCFS] Time integration scheme for the network components Time weighting coefficient for the semi-implicit theta schema: 0 is equal to a full weight on the old time step, 1 represents a full weight on new time step. The coefficient is not used in the fully explicit or implicit schemas. The permitted range is between 0.5 and 1.0. Storage characteristics of the reservoir: The storage S as a function of the water level h can be provided as a table or formula. Controlled outlet, release can be defined by external input or rule Uncontrolled outlet, the release is a function of the water level h in the reservoir Tailwater rating curve Reference to timeseries in data configuration Contains references to the output timeseries in the data configuration arbitrary number of layers arbitrary number of neurons within one of the layers transfer function: sigmoid, linear etc. reference to time series ID Supply neuron id! This can be any neuron in the network, also the neuron itself and neurons in the following layers. In this case, the output of the last time step is used -> recurrent network result of the transfer function result of the summation of weighted input (intermediate result) Storage nodes Flow branches Hydraulic structures number of evaluations of the Jacobian number of function evaluations residuum at last iteration step, 0.5*sum(SQR(ri)) Simple rule with constant value Date lookup table, output y is a function of date and an input value x, the interpolation on the date / value axis can be BLOCK or LINEAR, the number of records should be constant for each date record Deadband threshold, yNew will become yOld, if the change yNew-yOld is smaller than the threshold value Dedicated rule for the control of Bielersee, Canton Bern, CH Dedicated rule for the control of Thunersee, Canton Bern, CH mathematical expression Guide band rule, output get 0 if input less equal xMin, 1 if input greater equal xMax, linear interpolation otherwise xMin and xMax can be a function of date, main application in combination with a relative release of a reservoir outlet Limiter for limiting the change of a variable in a time step to a relative (PERCENTAGE) or absolute (ABSOLUTE) change Data hierarchy, highest input has highest priority absolute time controller relative time controller Unit delay operator for delaying a value by n times the time step of the model. table interpolation can be BLOCK or LINEAR, default setting if not provided is LINEAR table interpolation can be BLOCK or LINEAR, default setting if not provided is LINEAR reference to time series ID Interpolation option BLOCK / LINEAR for the two inputs date and value Lookup table at a date location reference to time series ID link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules optional period of the year for which the trigger is active default input value, if input is NaN or infinity default output, if no combination of the table applies tolerance for finding a match, keep in mind that the all variable are stored in doubles number of tables with input, output values, the initial state can be taken into account optionally link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules optionally third input optional external time series providing the start index in the array with input data, default is 0, i.e. the first element optional external time series providing the end index in the array with input data, default is nSeries-1, i.e. the last element timeRelative mode, either "NATIVE" or "RETAINVALUEWHENINACTIVE" setting if the control table provides the absolute value or the relative value table interpolation can be BLOCK or LINEAR, default setting if not provided is LINEAR table with time [s] / value records optional input for deriving the timeActive in case of the relative from Value option user-configured constant value reference to time series ID reference to time series ID vector mathematical operator: + (summation), - (substraction), * (multiplication), / (division), min, max time series ID of resulting value time series ID vector of resulting value link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules standard trigger trigger with deadband trigger with time deadband mathematical expression Data hierarchy, highest input has highest priority trigger with two-dimensional lookup table, trigger results are defined by polygons set of triggers spread sheet trigger Storage table with pairs of elevation h and storage S Storage equation, storage S = f(water level h) Maximum water level h in the reservoir: this optional value does not limit the water level, it is used however to compute the relative filling percentage of the reservoir according to s = S/S(maximumLevel), where S is the absolute storage volume Capacity for free flow, i.e. without a potential impact of the optional tailwater efficiency table unit power output [MW / m3/s] as function of head [m] power output [MW] Table containing data for different elevations. Type of element 'value' depends on purpose for which table is used. Table containing data for different elevations. Type of element 'value' depends on purpose for which table is used. Constant tailwater level [m] Tailwater depending on discharge computed by a rating curve tailwater level [m] head [m] Maximum capacity of outlet as function of the water level h, minimum capacity is assumed to be zero Characteristics of optional turbine Maximum capacity of outlet as function of the water level h, minimum capacity is assumed to be zero Power equation for optional segments with lower and upper water level bounds, y = a*(x+b)^c defined data input as per time series format date time (defined either by dateTime or time or month day) and value Upstream inflows [m3/s] into the reservoir, can be more than one for aggregation the inflows from several upstream reservoirs or river reaches Optional level [m] for updating the simulated level by an observed water level (simple data assimilation), if provided the error output is equal to the mass balance correction Direct precitation into the reservoir [mm/time step], the value will be multiplied by the current water surface area of the reservoir Direct evaporation from the reservoir [mm/time step] aggregated inflows [m3/s] aggregated release [m3/s] storage [m3] (state variable) relative storage [-] typically between 0 and 1 depending on the definition of the maximum level above] water level [m] in the reservoir optional error output [m3/s] which is non-zero if the simple data assimilation option for overruling the simulated water level is used optional residuum of the implicit solution Reference to timeseries in data configuration containg an absolute release. (ONLY FOR CONTROLLED OUTLET) Reference to timeseries in data configuration containg the relative release (values inbetween 0 and 1). (ONLY FOR CONTROLLED OUTLET) link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules link the trigger event to either an other trigger or to a rule. Use the item ID as link to rules Storage characteristics of the node: The storage as a function of water level h. It can be provided as table or as a formula. Time series with the water level boundary condition, note that a value MUST be provided at all time steps, otherwise the model stops with an error message Time series with an optional water level for model updating Time series with an inflow bounday condition, note that a value MUST be provided at all time steps Cross section in the center of the flow branch. Roughness (Chezy) as a function of elevation h Length of the flow branch slope for optional kinematic wave branch the wind friction coefficient is given by Cw = alpha1 + alpha2 * Vw, with wind velocity Vw the wind friction coefficient is given by Cw = alpha1 + alpha2 * Vw, with wind velocity Vw Tabulated cross section, pairs of elevation h and width b Pairs of elevation h and roughness C (according to Chezy) ID of upstream node ID of downstream node optional wind velocity at an elevation of 10 m above the water surface (x-direction), implementation is for the inertial model only optional wind velocity at an elevation of 10 m above the water surface (y-direction), implementation is for the inertial model only Orifice according to definition in SOBEK-Rural Weir according to definition in SOBEK-River Pump capacity table of hydropower turbine as a function of the water head capacity equation of hydropower turbine as a function of the water head constant efficiency over all discharges, typical range is [0.80, 0.90] provision of absolute turbine release provision of relative turbine release, 1 = maximum capacity discharge in m3/s power production in MW deprecated Type of pool routing. Type of interpolation Type of limiting Value option flow direction logical operator relational operator mathematical operators options for spatial schetization reference for capacity Type of transfer function. pid mode, either "NATIVE" or "SOBEK2" or "PIDPOS" or PIDVEL" minimum setting of the actuator maximum setting of the actuator maximum speed of the actuation in [unit/s] factor on the proportional part kp*e factor on the integral part ki*integral(e)dt fatcor on differential part kd*de/dt controllable variable setting of the actuator memory of integral part: integral(e)dt memory of differential part (in fact e of the last time step)